Demonstrative pronouns

👉🏼 To be able to point at objects and identify them, we need demonstrative pronouns. Demonstrative pronouns identify a noun. When used without a noun, they change according to numbers and cases.

bu – this/these

Bu minem öyem. – This is my house.

Bu öylər bezneke. – These houses are ours.

bolar – these (without a noun)

Bolar şundıy matur! – These are so beautiful!

☝🏼 If used without a noun bu takes up different cases and the stem changes to mo- (except for nominative):

Min monı bik yaratam – I like this a lot.

şuşı – this/these (this/these ... here) 

Min şuşı fatirda üstem. – I grew up in this apartment (here).

ul – that/those

Ul bina yaña. – That building is new.

Ul uramnarda küp pesilər bar. – In those streets there are a lot of cats.

şul – that/those (that/those ... there) 

Әye, şul keşe belәn söylәştem. – Yes, it was that person I talked to. 

☝🏼 If used without a noun şul takes up different cases and the stem drops the -l (except for nominative):

Min şunda eşlim. – I work there (e.g., in that building).

tege – that/those (farther away), that/those ... over there 

Tege tərəzələrne satıp aldım nihayәt. – I've finally bought those windows. 

👉🏼 The plurals (cannot be followed by nouns) are: alar, şular, tegelər.

👉🏼 The following pronouns identify adjectives and take the meaning “such, like this/that, this/that kind of”:

mondıy

şuşındıy

andıy 

şundıy

tegendi

👉🏼 The following demonstrative pronouns identify verbs and don’t change according to numbers or cases. They mean “in this/that manner, so (like this/that)”:

bolay 

şuşılay 

alay 

şulay 

tegeləy 

☝🏼 To the above may be added menə (this is, these are, here is/are) or ənə (that there), when they are used to point out a person or thing, located close by or far away respectively:

menə bu keşe – this person here

ənə şul bina – that building there

ənə tege uram – that street over there