Genitive
The genitive is formed by joining -nıñ/-neñ to the stem:
yortnıñ – of the house
yortlarnıñ – of the houses
öyneñ – of the home
öylәrneñ – of the homes
bülmәgezneñ – of your (pl./form.) room
bülmәlәregezneñ – of your (pl./form.) rooms
🔷 The genitive is used to describe:
· Ownership or possession:
әniyemneñ qulları – my mom’s hands
· Possessive relation in time, place, quality, quantity, measure, extent, purpose:
ütkən ğasırnıñ urtası – the middle of the past century
şәhәrneñ binaları – the city’s buildings
keşelәrneñ öçtәn bere – one third of the people
tawnıñ biyeklege – the height of the mountain
🔹 If a genitive relation exists between three nouns in a sentence, the first noun is in the genitive, the second noun takes the appropriate possessive suffix (-ı, -e, -sı, -se, -ları, -lәre) to which in turn the genitive suffix -nıñ/-neñ is joined, and the third noun, governing the second, takes the possessive suffix only:
tutaşnıñ keçkenә genә awızınıñ yılmayuwı – the smile of the young lady’s little mouth
🔹 The genitive suffix may sometimes be omitted:
Tuqay şiğerlәre – Tuqay’s poems
il başqalası – country’s capital
🔹 The genitive suffix is always omitted:
· When the second noun qualifies the first one:
Qazan şәhәre – the city of Kazan
· When two or more nouns together form a compound noun:
İrek mәydanı – Liberty Square
🔷 Dialog
A: Minem abıyımnıñ yaña tuğan bəbisen kürdeñme?
B: Əye, min anı ğailə aşında abıyıñnıñ qoçağında kürdem.
A: Ә, yaxşı! Alarnıñ baqçasın oşatasıñmı?
B: Baqça çınnan da matur, ayıruça ul tösle çəçəkləre belən. Süz uñayınnan, minem apamnıñ et köçekləre turında işetteñme?
A: Әye, işettem, apañnıñ eteneñ matur köçekləre tuğan ikәn.
B: Bezneñ ğailələr törle yaqlardan üsə axrısı!
A: Şulay şul! Ğəilələrebezdə bu yaña tuğan bәbilәrne kürü bik rəxət.
_____________________
A: Have you seen my brother's new baby?
B: Yeah, I saw her in your brother's arms during the family dinner.
A: Oh, great! How do you like their garden?
B: The garden's really beautiful, especially with those colorful flowers. By the way, have you heard about my sister's dog's puppies?
A: Yeah, I heard that your sister's dog had adorable puppies.
B: Sounds like our families are growing in all sorts of ways!
A: Definitely! It's lovely to see these new additions in our families.