Indefinite pronouns
đź’¬ Indefinite pronouns are formed by:
a) placing the particle əllə before the interrogative pronouns;
b) joining the suffix -dır, -der, -tır, -ter to the interrogative pronouns.
əllə kem – kemder (somebody, someone)
əllə nərsə / əllə ni – nərsəder / nider (something)
əllə nindi – nindider (some kind of, something like)
əllə niçek – niçekter (somehow, in some way)
əllə qayda – qaydadır (somewhere, someplace)
etc.
💡The stress shifts towards the word əllə when it precedes an interrogative pronoun:
əllə´ nərsə – something (very vague)
əllə´ niçek – how, in what way (very vague)
💬 Teləsə (if he/she/it wishes) is combined with interrogative pronouns to form compound indefinite pronouns:
teləsə kem – anybody, whoever
teləsə nərsə – anything, whatever
teləsə niçek – anyhow
teləsə qaydan – from anywhere
teləsə qayçan – whenever
💡 Compound indefinite pronouns formed with teləsə indicate that the action may be directed towards the person, place, or thing expressed by the pronouns, if the subject so desires.
TelÉ™sÉ™ kem belÉ™n söyləşergÉ™ xaqım bar (Ä°brahim Ğəzi, “Onıtılmas yıllar”)Â
I have the right to talk with anybody I want.
đź’¬ Combined with interrogative pronouns, da bulsa / bulsa da ("if it is") form compound indefinite pronouns:
kem də bulsa / kem bulsa da – anybody
nərsə də bulsa – anything
qayda da bulsa – anywhereÂ
qayçan da bulsa – sometime, one day (in the future), ever
nindi də bulsa – any (kind of)
niçek tə bulsa – somehow
Əllə berər cirdə, qayda da bulsa yıraqta, minem tiklerək enese barmı ikən? Əllə bik bala canlı keşeme? (Ğömər Bәşirov, “Tuğan yağım, yəşel bişek”)
Does she perhaps have at some place, somewhere far away, a younger brother who is a bit like me? Or is she a person who is very fond of children?
CÉ™milÉ™ tirlÉ™de, qızardı, niçek bulsa da samovarnı aÄźartıp beterde. (MÉ™cit Äžafuri, “Yarlılar”)Â
Cəmilə sweated, her face reddened; somehow she got the samovar clean.
đź’¬ Ber, berÉ™r and berÉ™w may function as indefinite pronouns.Â
ber (ber keşe/berse) – some (someone, somebody)
berər – some (kind of), a certain…
berəw – someone, somebody
đź’ˇ Ber and berÉ™r may be adjectives or nouns, berÉ™w is always a noun.Â
Telisezme, min sezgÉ™ berÉ™wneñ başınnan kiçkÉ™n ... qızıqlı ber tarixın söylim. (ĆŹmirxan Yeniki, “YörÉ™k sere”)Â
Do you want me to tell you an interesting story of what someone went through?Â
💬United with interrogative pronouns, ber, berər, berəw form compound indefinite pronouns. Ber is prefixed to nərsə, niçə, niqədər (nixətle, niçaqlı) to form:
bernərsə (dә) – something (nothing)
berniçə – some, several
berniqədər (bernixətle, berniçaqlı) – to some degree
It is attached to qay and qaysı to form qayber, qaysıber (some). BerÉ™r is placed before kem and nÉ™rsÉ™ to form: berÉ™r kem (somebody, someone), berÉ™r nÉ™rsÉ™ (something). The plural of berÉ™w is combined with qay to form qayberÉ™wlÉ™r (some people).Â
Äžabdulla ĂĽzeneñ iptəşlÉ™re belÉ™n bernÉ™rsÉ™ne açıq töşenep aldı: Nindider Äźalim bulır öçen uqırÄźa kirÉ™k. (ĆŹxmÉ™t FÉ™yzi, “Tuqay”)Â
Äžabdulla and his friends understood one thing clearly: to become some educated person, one must study.Â
đź’¬ FÉ™lÉ™n, fÉ™lÉ™nçə (so and so, such and such) point out, in a general way, persons, places, or things whose name is either not specified, or not known, or whose name the speaker does not wish to mention at the moment of speaking. FÉ™lÉ™n may function as an adjective, a noun, or as an adverbial modifier.Â
MÉ™rwiyÉ™ ĂĽze söylÉ™de. BÉ™xtigÉ™ xat yazÄźan ide ul. FÉ™lÉ™n könneñ fÉ™lÉ™n səğətendÉ™ fÉ™lÉ™n cirgÉ™ kil É™le, bik kirÉ™k, dide. (QoyaĹź Timbikova, “Ağım urtasında”)Â
Mərwiyə told her herself. She had written Bəxti a letter. Please come at such and such a time on such and such a day to such and such a place; it’s absolutely necessary, she had said.
💬Indefinite pronouns like fələn-tögən and fələn-fəsmətən are versatile terms used to refer to various unspecified things, people, places, or conditions. They express a general concept without specifics and often convey a negative attitude. These pronouns can act as adjectives, nouns, or adverbial modifiers, and they are interchangeable in usage.
BĂĽgen alar siña duslıq kĂĽrsÉ™tÉ™lÉ™r, Qayum abzıy, sin Ĺźulay bezgÉ™ dus, fÉ™lÉ™n-fÉ™smÉ™tÉ™n, dip toralar ikÉ™n, irtÉ™gÉ™ Ĺźul uq keĹźelÉ™rneñ sine satuları bik mömkin. (Şərif Kamal, “Matur tuÄźanda”)Â
Today they are friendly to you and tell you: Uncle Qayum, you are such a friend to us, and what not. Tomorrow it is very possible that the same people will betray you.