Present Participles

⚡️ The present participle with -uçı, -üçe.

This participle is formed by joining the suffix -uçı, -üçe to the verb stem and always precedes the noun denoting the agent of the action. A small group of verbs drop the vowel of their stems when -uçı, -üçe is joined to their affirmative form (ərçe, biye, borçı, ere, nığı, rənce, qaşı, qorı, taşı, töze, uqı, ürçe, etc). The negative stems retain the vowel and u/ü in the suffix is replaced by w according to the spelling rules.

qaytuçı – returning, one who returns

qaytmawçı – not returning, one who does not return

belüçe – knowing, one who knows) 

belməwçe – not knowing, one who does not know

taşı (carry):

taşuçı – carrying, one who carries

taşımawçı – not carrying, one who does not carry

töze (build): 

tözüçe – building, one who builds

tözeməwçe – not building, one who does not build

💫 The participle ending in -uçı, -üçe expresses:

· An action or state taking place or existing simultaneously with the one expressed by the principal verb:

Nəq urman awızında alarğa yükə bəyləme kütərep çığıp kilüçe ber babay oçradı. (Əmirxan Yeniki, “Tuğan tufraq”)

Right at the edge of the forest an old man, who was coming out (of the forest), carrying a bundle of linden wood, met up with them.

· A habitual, repeated, or permanent action or state

bu yortta toruçı abzıy – a man who lives in this house

Xikəyəbez, şulay itep, üzək Aziyədəge uyğır cirlərendə yəşəgən həm öleşçə əle şunda yəşəwçe milləttəşlərebez xaqında. (Mirqasıym Ğosmanov, “Çəçelgən orlıqlar - Ğolca tatarları”)

Thus, our story is about our compatriots who lived and who still live partly in the Uighur regions of Central Asia.

💫 The present participle with -uçı, -üçe is often used as a noun. Referring most commonly to persons, such nouns can be the subject, the direct or the indirect object in a sentence:

Bez ber-berebezne yaxşı belüçelər. 

We are people who know each other well.

⚡️The present participle with -a, -ə, -ıy, -i (-mıy, -mi) torğan.

This participle is formed by combining the present tense stem of a verb with torğan (the past participle of the verb toru).

💫 It expresses essentially the same as the present participle ending in -uçı, -üçe, but differs from it functionally and can also refer to direct and indirect objects, time, and place. Furthermore, the construction with torğan is preferred when the present participle is negative.

İrğali awıl qırıyınnan ütə torğan olı yulğa çıqtı. (Məxmüt Xəsənov, “Yazğı acağan”)

İrğali made his way to the highway stretching along the edge of the village.

... tanış yul östendə bez kürmi torğan arada barlıqqa kilgən yañalıqlar bezne haman tuqtata, iğtibarıbıznı üzlərenə tarta tordılar. (Mirsəy Əmir, “Küñelle səyəxət”) 

... the new things, which had come about on the familiar road in the period of time that we had not seen it, continued stopping us, drawing our attention.