Reflexive verbs

Reflexive verbs are formed by joining -n to verb stems ending in a vowel other than -u, -i, and -ın, -en to verb stems ending in a consonant or in -u, -i:

yu (wash) – yuwın (wash oneself)

ki (put on) – kiyen (dress oneself, get dressed)

sört (dry) – sörten (dry oneself)

yəşer (hide) – yəşeren (hide oneself)

tara (comb) – taran (comb oneself)

maqta (praise) – maqtan (praise oneself, boast)

yalğa (join, attach) – yalğan (join, attach oneself)

bizə (put on make-up, adorn) – bizən (put on make-up, adorn oneself)

yap (close, cover) – yabın (cover oneself)

💡The reflexive of verbs in -la, -lə coincides with the passive. Consequently, depending on their lexical meaning and the context, some of these verbs can be either reflexive or passive. For example:

ul imtixanğa xəzerlənə (R) – she prepares (herself) for the exam

çəy xəzerlənde (P) – tea has been prepared

💡 With certain transitive verbs, -n, -ın, -en forms reflexive verbs whose action does not directly refer back to the subject but is carried out by the subject on his (her, its) own behalf, for himself (herself, itself). Furthermore, such verbs may indicate that the action is carried out with great interest, eagerness, enthusiasm, or with intensity, concentration. For example:

tikşerenü – to be occupied with research

peşerenü – to be occupied with cooking, preparing the meal

💡 Some reflexive verbs have no basic stem:

ıçqın – tear oneself away (from), break away (from)

quwan – be pleased, glad

tayan – lean on

ışan – believe

inan – be convinced of / believe

sağın – miss, yearn for

öylən – marry

💡 A few such verbs form both the reflexive and the factitive from the same root:

yuwan (console oneself) – yuwat (console (transitive))

uyan (awaken, wake up) – uyat (wake up)

öyrən (learn) – öyrət (teach)

suwın (get cold) – suwıt (cool)

💡 Some verbs take on a different meaning when -n, -ın, -en is joined to them. For example:

siz (feel) – sizen (guess, suspect)

töş (fall, decrease / get off (train, bus, etc.)) – töşen (realise, guess)

qoy (pour, shed (leaves)) – qoyın (bathe)

söy (love) – söyen (be glad)

tart (pull) – tartın (feel shy)

tot (hold) – totın (hold (onto smth.) / begin)

Dialog

A: Səlam, Ənwər! Bügen xәllәreñ niçek?

B: Səlam, Әdilə! Min yaxşı, rəxmət. İrtə tordım həm bügenge köngə əzerləndem.

K: Yaxşı! Min də şulay eşlədem. Yuwındım, kiyendem həm irtənge aş aşadım.

B: Dimәk, bügen nindi plannarıñ bar?

A: Miña aşamlıqlar isemlege yasarğa həm kibetkə barırğa kirək. Annarı min eş əyberləren eşlərmen.

B: Şəp plan. Min fatirımnı cıyıştıram, annarı beraz uqırğa totınam.

_________________

A: Hey, Ənwər! How's it going today?

B: Hi, Adilə! I'm good, thanks. I got up early and got ready for the day.

A: Nice! I did the same. I showered, got dressed, and had breakfast.

B: So, what's on your agenda for today?

A: Well, I need to make a shopping list and go grocery shopping. Then, I'll tackle some work stuff.

B: Sounds like a plan. I'm going to clean up my apartment and then I’ll get to some reading.