Dative

The dative is formed by means of the suffixes -ğa, -gә, -qa, -kә, -na, -nә, -a, -ә.

🔶 -ğa/-gә is joined to stems ending in a voiced consonant or a vowel and to stems with the possessive suffixes of the 1st and 2nd persons plural:

Qazanğa – to Kazan

suğa – into the water

bülmәbezgә – into our room

yortığızga – to your house

🔸 -qa/-kә is joined to stems ending in a voiceless consonant:

atqa – to a horse

kibetkә – to a shop

🔸 -na/-nә is joined to stems with the possessive suffixes of the third person singular and plural:

dustına – to his/her friend

etenә – to his dog

🔸 -a/-ә is joined to stems with the possessive suffixes of the first and second persons in singular:

urınıma – to my place

әtiyeñә – to your dad

🔸 Words borrowed from or via Russian which end in -k or -g and require Tatar suffixes with back vowels take -qa.

katalogqa – to a catalog

The dative functions as the circumstantial complement of the verb, giving precision to the action in a number of ways. For example, it indicates:

· Motion in various directions:

uramğa çıqtı – he went out to the street

· Time limit:

irtәdәn kiçkә qədər – from morning till evening

· The amount of money for which something is bought or sold:

100 sumğa sattıñ – you sold for 100 rubles

· Measure and degree:

berniçә kilogramğa awırraq - heavier by several kilogram

· Purpose (with verbs denoting movement):

balıqqa barabız - we’re going fishing